High Precision Spectroradiometer Integrating Sphere System

1. Unboxing And Basic Familiarization With The Equipment

1. 1 Key Technical Specifications

Model	LMS-9000C	LMS-9000CUV-VIS	LMS-9000CVIS-NIR	LMS-9000CUV
Spectral Wavelength	350–800 nm	200–800 nm	350–1050 nm	200–400 nm
Model	LMS-9500C	LMS-9500CUV-VIS	LMS-9500CVIS-NIR	LMS-9500CSWIR
Spectral Wavelength	350–800 nm	200–800 nm	350–1050 nm	800–1700 nm

1. 2 Unboxing And Inspection

When unpacking the device, handle it gently to avoid scratching the enclosure with sharp tools. After unpacking, first inspect the exterior of the device to ensure there is no visible deformation or dents, and that the buttons are not subject to breakage or loose conditions. If you notice any abnormalities with the device or its fittings, do not turn it on. Please contact us immediately.

1. 3 System Configuration And Overview

1. 3. 1 Core Hardware Components

Note: The table below lists the core hardware components of the entire system. The equipment you purchased may include only some of these components; please keep this in mind when following the instructions in this manual.

Component Name	Model	Core Functions
High precision spectroradiometer	LMS-9000C/LMS-9500C Series	Measure spectral data and calculate Colorimetric Parameters and Photometric Parameters
Large Integrating Sphere	Model: IS-*MA Note: *Indicates the integrating sphere diameter; standard dimensions are: 1 m, 1. 5 m, 1. 75 m, 2 m, 2. 5 m, and 3 m.	Provides a uniform diffuse reflection environment and collects optical signals from samples to test large specimens
Small Integrating Sphere	Model: IS-*M Note: * indicates the integrating sphere diameter; standard dimensions are: 0. 3 m/0. 5 m	Provides a uniform diffuse reflection environment and collects light signals from specimens for testing small specimens
holder base	/	It must be installed inside a large Integrating sphere (with a diameter of at least 1 m) to allow users to install Standard Light Sources and lighting fixtures under test.
Strip Light Fixture / Clamp		Applicable only to integrating spheres with a diameter of at least 1. 5 m. When in use, it can be mounted on either side of the holder base to facilitate the installation of linear lights, such as LED tubes.
Auxiliary Lamp Fixture / Clamp		Installed inside a large integrating sphere (with a diameter of at least 1 m) for mounting auxiliary lamps
Crosshair Laser		Installed inside a large integrating sphere (with a diameter of at least 1. 5 m) to determine the center of the integrating sphere
Cabinet	CASE-19	Used to house CCD Spectroradiometers, power meters, and DC and AC power supplies. Includes a power strip, the RS232 communication box, and other components.
power meter	LS Series	Measure electrical parameters such as voltage, current, power, and power factor of the specimen
DC Supply	DC Series	Provides a stable DC power source for DC specimens, Standard Light Sources, and auxiliary lamps
AC supply	LSP Series	Provides a stable, pure sine wave AC Power Source for AC specimens
Optical Fiber + Probe	CFO+PHOTO Series	Transmit the light signal from the integrating sphere to the Spectrometer
Standard Light Source	SLS Series	Spectroradiometer Integrating Sphere System for Spectrum Calibration
auxiliary lamp	RLS Series	Applicable only to large integrating spheres (with a diameter of at least 1 m). Used to correct for the self-absorption effect of large lighting fixtures and improve test accuracy.

1. 3. 2 Software, Manuals, Certificates, Etc.

At the time of shipment, a download link containing all the documents was sent via email. Please download them as soon as possible. If you missed the email, you can contact us to request a new download link.

Includes software, user manuals, warranty cards, Standard Light Source calibration certificates, and other important documents, as well as other related documents.

1. 4 Measurement Parameters

Colorimetric Parameters	Chromaticity coordinates, CCT, color ratio, Peak Wavelength, Half Bandwidth, Dominant Wavelength, Color Purity, Color Rendering Index, CQS, TM-30-24 (Rf, Rg), Spectrum Diagram, etc.
Photometric Parameters	Luminous Flux, Luminous Efficiency, Radiant Power, WPE, EQE, EEI, Energy Efficiency Index (EEI), Pupil Flux, Pupil Flux Efficiency, Pupil Factor, Plant Growth Lamp PAR and PPF
electrical parameter	Voltage, Current, Power, Power Factor, Displacement Factor, Harmonics
Luminous Flux Maintenance Testing	Luminous Flux vs. Time, Color Temperature vs. Time, Color Rendering Index vs. Time, Power vs. Time, Power Factor vs. Time, Current vs. Time, Luminous Efficiency vs. Time

2. Precautions For Use

2. 1 Electrical Safety

The system must be connected to a stable single phase 220 V AC, 50/60 Hz supply, and ensure proper Grounding with a Grounding resistance of ≤1 Ω;

Do not use the equipment if the power connections are loose or there is breakage in the cables.

2. 2 Environmental Safety

The equipment must be placed in a dry, well-ventilated environmental setting free of dust and corrosive gases;

Ambient Temperature: 15–35°C; relative humidity: ≤65% (no condensation);

Keep the equipment away from strong magnetic fields and strong electric fields.

2. 3 Using An Integrating Sphere

2. 3. 1 Internal Coating Protection

Whenever entering the interior of the Integrating sphere to perform operations (such as installing specimens or Standard Light Sources), white gloves must be worn; direct contact with the interior coating is prohibited;

Do not use paper towels, rags, or other materials that come into direct contact with the surface to clean the coating. If dust accumulates, open the Integrating sphere and use a blower cleaner on the cool setting to blow the dust off from the inside out (at least once a week);

Be sure to ensure firm fixation of the specimen during installation to prevent it from falling and damaging the coating; if there is minor peeling of the internal coating, contact LISUN for coating repair;

If the coating inside the integrating sphere has peeled off over a large area, or if the coating has darkened significantly due to lack of proper care, please replace the integrating sphere.

2. 3. 2 Integrating Sphere Switches And Handling

Keep the integrating sphere closed when not in use to prevent dust from entering;

Do not disassemble the integrating sphere during transport. If disassembly is necessary under special circumstances, be sure to protect the internal coating to prevent contamination;

2. 4 Standard Light Source Operating Procedures

The Standard Light Source has a lifespan of one year and must be replaced when it expires;

The Standard Light Source has a high temperature immediately after use; do not touch it. Allow it to cool for 10 minutes before returning it to the lamp case;

Avoid getting stains on the surface of the Standard Light Source; if it becomes soiled, clean it before use or replace it with a new one;

Integrating spheres of different dimensions must be used with corresponding Standard Light Sources (50W or 100W for large spheres, and 10W for small spheres).

2. 5 Optical Fiber Operating Procedures

The optical fiber must not be bent excessively (minimum bending radius ≥ 10 cm). Do not step on or squeeze the optical fiber, as this may cause damage and result in abnormal test results.

2. 6 Other

For matters not covered in this manual, please proceed with caution or contact us.

3. Hardware Assembly

3. 1 Cabinet Equipment Assembly

3. 1. 1 Introduction To The Cabinet

Place the cabinet on a level, sturdy workbench, leaving sufficient space for operation.

A wiring diagram is affixed to the inside of the rear door of the cabinet. Please assemble the equipment inside the cabinet according to the wiring diagram (see Figure 3-1).

Figure 3-1

The necessary wiring for the equipment inside the cabinet has already been completed; see Figure 3-2.

Number	Note
①	RS232 Communication Box, used to connect RS232 communication cables to equipment inside the cabinet
②	Power distribution panel, used to connect the power lines of power supply equipment inside the cabinet. Please ensure that the Power Switch on the power distribution panel is in the " On" position.

Figure 3-2

Main power line for the cabinet; see Figure 3-3.

Number	Note
①	Main power line for the cabinet, used to supply power to all equipment inside the cabinet
②	Feed it through this cable hole, and connect it to the appropriate power supply once the equipment is fully assembled.

Figure 3-3

3. 1. 2 Installation Of The LS Power Meter

See Figures 3–4.

Number	Note
①	The RS232 communication cable is connected; the other end is already connected to the RS232 communication box inside the cabinet.
②	V1 Test Wire, connected to the red terminal of the power meter' s voltage V
③	V2 Test Wire, connected to the black terminal of the power meter' s voltage V
④	A1 Test Wire, connected to the red terminal of the power meter' s current A
⑤	A2 Test Wire, connected to the black terminal of the power meter' s current A
⑥	The power line is connected; the other end is already connected to the power strip inside the cabinet.

Figure 3-4

3. 1. 3 Installation Of The CCD Spectroradiometer

Introduction to CCD Spectroradiometer fittings; see Figures 3–5:

Number	Note
①	USB Cable
②	photo detector
③	optical fiber
④	temperature sensors
⑤	Power adapter (included with select models only)

Figure 3-5

To connect the CCD Spectroradiometer, see Figure 3-6:

Number	Note
① Optical Fiber	The other end must be connected to an integrating sphere. If your device includes two integrating spheres, use a Y-shaped optical fiber splitter to connect to both integrating spheres simultaneously.
② Photo detector	The probe end must be connected to the integrating sphere. If your device has two integrating spheres, simply connect the probe to the larger one; the smaller integrating sphere does not need to be connected to the photo detector.
③ Temperature Probe	The probe end must be connected to the Integrating sphere. If your device has two Integrating spheres, simply connect it to whichever one you are using.
④ USB cable	Connect the other end to your computer. Do not use any other USB extension cables or USB adapters, as this may cause the CCD Spectroradiometer to fail in its function. If you are using a desktop computer, connect it to a black or blue USB port on the back of the computer.
⑤ Power socket openings	The LMS-9000C is powered and communicates via USB, so no power adapter is required. However, if your CCD Spectroradiometer model is LMS-9500C, LMS-9000C UV-VIS, or similar, we will include a 5V power adapter in the package. Please be sure to connect the power adapter here as well. Otherwise, the CCD Spectroradiometer will not function properly.

Figure 3-6

3. 1. 4 DC Supply Installation

See Figure 3-7.

Number	Note
①	The RS232 communication cable is connected; the other end is already connected to the RS232 communication box inside the cabinet.
②	Connect the DC supply output wires, making sure to match the positive and negative terminals.
③	The power line is connected; the other end is already connected to the power strip inside the cabinet.

Figure 3-7

3. 1. 5 AC Supply Installation

Please locate the following AC supply output cable among the fittings, as shown in Figure 3-8:

Figure 3-8

For AC supply installation, see Figures 3-9 and 3-10:

Number	Note
①	Run the AC supply output cable through cable opening ④ and connect it to position ⑤.
②	The RS232 communication cable is connected; the other end is already connected to the RS232 communication box inside the cabinet.
③	The power line is connected; the other end is already connected to the power strip inside the cabinet.
④	Wire hole
⑤	Run the AC supply output cable through cable opening ④ to connect it to position ①

Figure 3-9

Figure 3-10

3. 1. 6 Connecting The RS232 Communication Box

See Figure 3-11: The other end of the communication box’s USB cable (①) connects to the computer. Do not use other USB extension cables or USB adapters, as this may cause communication errors. If using a desktop computer, connect it to a black or blue USB port on the back of the Host.

Figure 3-11

3. 2 Assembly And Commissioning Of Fittings For The Large Integrating Sphere

3. 2. 1 Mount Installation And Connection Of The Holder Base

To prevent the large integrating sphere from opening during shipping, we secure it with screws. Please remove the two screws securing the integrating sphere, as shown in Figure 3-12.

Figure 3-12

The holder base can be mounted either on top of the Integrating sphere or at the bottom. This section uses the example of mounting the holder base at the bottom. Open the large Integrating sphere, loosen this screw, and remove the plug, as shown in Figure 3-13.

Figure 3-13

Feed the four-core cable from the holder base through the opening at the bottom of the Integrating sphere, as shown in Figure 3-14.

Figure 3-14

Refer to Figure 3-15, then retighten this screw, making sure the screw handle is facing down.

Figure 3-15

Connect the Junction Box as shown in Figures 3-16 and 3-17.

Number	Note
①	Connect the four-core cable from the holder base to the back of the Junction Box at the base of the large Integrating sphere. The four terminals on the Junction Box-POWER and SENSE-must be connected one-to-one with the four terminal blocks on the holder base-POWER and SENSE. You can open the holder and the Junction Box to verify this.
②	Connect the two " POWER" terminals on the Integrating sphere' s Junction Box to the " OUTPUT FOR LOAD" terminals on the cabinet.
③	Connect the two terminals of the Integrating sphere Junction Box (SENSE) to the cabinet' s V SAMPLING port.
④	Connect the two " OUTPUT FOR LOAD" terminals on the cabinet to the " POWER" terminal on the Integrating sphere Junction Box.
⑤	Connect the two " V SAMPLING" terminals on the cabinet to the " SENSE" terminal on the Integrating sphere Junction Box.

Figure 3-16

Figure 3-17

Note: If your device includes two Integrating spheres, when using the smaller Integrating sphere, simply connect the four-wire cable from the cabinet to the larger Integrating sphere to the smaller Integrating sphere.

3. 2. 2 Connecting CCD Spectroradiometer Fittings

See Figure 3-18.

Number	Note
①	optical fiber
②	photo detector
③	Temperature Probe

Figure 3-18

Note: If your device includes two Integrating spheres, connect the other end of the Y-shaped optical fiber to the smaller Integrating sphere.

3. 2. 3 Crosshair Laser Calibration

The large integrating sphere contains a Crosshair Laser, as shown in Figure 3-19.

Number	Note
①	Battery compartment, used to power the Crosshair Laser
②	Crosshair Laser Switch
③	Crosshair Laser and its mounting screws

Figure 3-19

Turn on the Crosshair Laser. The Crosshair Laser may have experienced misalignment during shipping. Use a tape measure to confirm the center position of the Integrating Sphere, loosen the screw that fixes the Crosshair Laser, realign the Crosshair Laser to the exact center of the Integrating Sphere, and then tighten the screw securely.

3. 3 Switches And Power On And Off Procedures

Connect the cabinet power line to a 220V, 50/60 Hz supply, as shown in Figure 3-20.

Number	Note
①	Cabinet Power Switch
②	Internal sampling/external sampling; voltage sampling methods. Internal sampling is the older, three-wire sampling method specified in the previous Standard, while external sampling is the newer, four-wire sampling method specified in the current Standard. Simply switch to external sampling; there is no need to use internal sampling.

Figure 3-20

Power-up sequence: First, turn on the main power switch for the cabinet, then turn on the Power Switches for the equipment inside the cabinet one by one.

Shutdown procedure: First, turn off the Power Switches for each piece of equipment inside the cabinet one by one, then turn off the cabinet’s main Power Switch.

4. Software Installation And Configuration

4. 1 Software And Driver Installation

4. 1. 1 Software Runtime Environment

System Requirements: Windows 7/8/10/11 (32-bit/64-bit); the computer must have at least two USB ports.

Note: If you have purchased multiple LMS-9000 units, please use different computers to connect to them whenever possible and avoid mixing them, as this may cause the software to display incorrect data.

4. 1. 2 Installation

See Figure 4-1.

Number	Note
①	LMS-9000 software-double-click to install
②	LMS-9000 Driver-double-click to install
③	RS232 Communication Box Driver-Please double-click to install
④	Windows Plug-in: If you receive an error message from the Windows system while installing the LMS-9000 software, you may need to install this plug-in.

Figure 4-1

4. 1. 3 Exception Handling

If your antivirus software or Windows Firewall flags a file as suspicious during the software installation process, please temporarily disable the antivirus software or Windows Firewall and then try installing the software again.

If the software fails to open when you double-click the icon after a successful installation, please check whether you are logged in to your computer with an administrator account. If the software still does not open after logging in with an administrator account, right-click the software icon to open its Properties dialog box. On the Compatibility tab, check the box next to “Run this program as an administrator,” click “Apply,” and then double-click the icon again to open the software, as shown in Figure 4-2.

Figure 4-2

4. 1. 4 View Device Manager On Your Computer

Open " Device Manager" on your computer (see Figure 4-3). You should find " LMS-9000" and four additional communication ports in the following location (Note: The port numbers may vary depending on the computer and USB interface). Verify that there are no error messages. If any issues are found, please refer to sections 4. 1. 2 and 4. 1. 3 for troubleshooting.

Figure 4-3

Note: If your device does not include the RS232 communication module, the four additional communication ports mentioned above will not appear in the " Device Manager" on your computer.

4. 2 Software Settings

4. 2. 1 Opening The Software

When you open the software for the first time, you will be prompted to create a new database file (in. Lms format), as shown in Figure 4-4. Subsequent test reports will be automatically saved in this database file. Please enter a file name, select an appropriate path, and click " Save."

Figure 4-4

Note 1: LMS-9000 can be installed on any computer, but the software will not function unless that computer is communicating with the LMS-9000 device.

Note 2: Database files generated by the LMS-9000 software can only be opened using the LMS-9000 software.

Note 3: Please avoid placing database files on your computer' s desktop whenever possible, as this may cause errors when reading or writing data.

4. 2. 2 Adding Large And Small Integrating Sphers

If your system includes two Integrating spheres, click to add the large and small spheres at the locations shown in the figure below (see Figures 4–5).

Figures 4–5

When you modify or add the corresponding test options, they will be displayed as tabs in the location shown in the figure below (see Figure 4-6):

Figures 4–6

All software operations-including system configuration, calibration, testing, and the generation and use of coefficients for auxiliary lamps-must be performed under the corresponding test configuration tab.

4. 2. 3 System Configuration

Take the large integrating sphere as an example. Select the “Large Integrating Sphere” tab and click “System Configuration,” as shown in Figure 4-7.

Number	Note
①	CCD Spectroradiometer models and related information; the software can retrieve this information automatically
②	The default maximum integration time is 2000 milliseconds. LMS-9500C is a cooled model that can still produce accurate test reports even when the light signal is very weak. However, in such situations, a longer integration time is required. For example, if your CCD Spectroradiometer model is LMS-9500C, you can increase the integration time to 10000 milliseconds to facilitate testing under low-light conditions.
③	Click the drop-down list to select the method for measuring Photometric Parameters. As mentioned above, the CCD Spectroradiometer is connected to the integrating sphere via an optical fiber and a photo detector. If you have two integrating spheres, and the larger one is connected via both an optical fiber and a photo detector, you should select “Spectrum with Photometric Revision”; if only the smaller integrating sphere is connected via an optical fiber, you should select “Spectrum Method.”
④	Wavelength measurement range settings: The default range is 380 to 800 nm. If the wavelength range of the CCD Spectroradiometer you purchased is different, please modify it here directly.
⑤	Click the drop-down list to select the model of the AC supply you purchased (usually the LSP Series). If you did not purchase an LISUN AC supply, please select “Not Installed”; otherwise, a communication error will occur.
⑥	Click the drop-down list to select the model of the DC supply you purchased (usually the DC Series). If you did not purchase a LISUN DC supply, please select “Not Installed”; otherwise, a communication error will occur.
⑦	Click the drop-down list to select the model of the power meter you purchased; you can find the model number on the front panel of the power meter. Please select the correct model you purchased. If you did not purchase a LISUN power meter, please select “Not Installed”; otherwise, a communication error will occur.
⑧	Enter the dimensions of the integrating sphere. This information appears only in the test report and does not affect the actual test results.
⑨	If you have purchased the TMP-8 Multiplex Temperature Tester to use with the CCD Spectroradiometer system, click the drop-down list to select the corresponding Multiplex Temperature Tester model. Once communication is established, the CCD Spectroradiometer software may display the temperature measured by the Multiplex Temperature Tester in the test report as well.
⑩	Click “Automatic Port Search.” If a message appears indicating a communication error with a device, follow the on-screen instructions to verify that the correct model has been selected, that the communication cable is connected, and that the device is powered on.
⑪	Once all settings and communication are configured, simply click OK to save.

Figures 4–7

Note 1: Switch the software interface to " Small integrating sphere" and configure all settings using the same Method.

Note 2: Reinstalling the software or unplugging and replugging the USB cable requires re-establishing communication.

5. Calibration

5. 1 Calibration Principles

Description of the Situation	Is recalibration necessary?
First Use	Calibration is required before use.
The equipment needs to be used every week.	We recommend calibrating once a week.
Equipment that has not been used for more than a week	Calibration is required before the next use.
Reinstall the software	No recalibration required
Replace the Computer	Needs to be recalibrated
Plugging in and unplugging a USB cable	No recalibration required
Inserting and Removing the Optical Fiber Probe on the Spectrometer Side
Inserting and Removing the Optical Fiber Probe from the Integrating Sphere	It is recommended to recalibrate.
Significant changes in environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity
The software has added a large integrating sphere and a small integrating sphere.	Calibration must be performed separately, and the calibration data for the large Integrating sphere interface does not affect the calibration data for the small Integrating sphere interface; the principles outlined above must be followed separately for each.

5. 2 Calibration Procedure For The Large Integrating Sphere

Take the large integrating sphere as an example. Refer to Section 3. 2. 1 to connect the two two-conductor cables from the cabinet-a total of four cables-to the large integrating sphere’s Junction Box.

All of our Standard Light Sources are CC (Constant Current) DC light sources. Please set the AC/DC Switches on the cabinet to DC, as shown in Figure 5-1.

Figure 5-1

Please remove the appropriate Standard Light Source, put on white gloves, and carefully install it into the E27 lamp holder on the holder base. Then turn on the Crosshair Laser to ensure the bulb is exactly in the center of the sphere, as shown in Figure 5-2.

Figure 5-2

Then turn off the Crosshair Laser and the Integrating Sphere. If your device has two Integrating Sphers, make sure both are turned off (the Y-splitter reads signals from both Integrating Sphers simultaneously).

Switch the software to “Large Integrating Sphere,” then click “Spectrum calibration,” as shown in Figure 5-3.

Figure 5-3

If your software is already communicating properly with the LISUN DC supply, please refer to Section 5. 2. 1 to continue; if your software is not communicating with the LISUN DC supply, please refer to Section 5. 2. 2 to continue.

5. 2. 1 The Software Is Communicating Properly With The LISUN DC Supply

If you have purchased a LISUN DC supply and have successfully established communication with it in “System Configuration,” please follow the instructions in the table and diagram below, as shown in Figure 5-4.

Number	Note
①	The device automatically displays the DC supply model and communication port, eliminating the need to reselect or search for the port.
②	To make the process more convenient, please check the “Automatic On” and “Automatic Extinguishing” functions.
③	The corresponding current and voltage values are listed on the Standard Light Source certificate and the Standard Light Source packaging box; please enter them correctly. Note: The specifications for each light vary; please do not mix and match them.
④	Click to control the DC power supply output and verify whether the Standard Light Source lights up normally. When the Standard Light Source lights up normally, the DC power supply should display “CC,” indicating Constant Current output, and the displayed current value should match the input value exactly; there will be slight voltage fluctuations around 25V. If the displayed current does not match the entered value (voltage fluctuations in the last digit after the decimal point are normal) or the displayed voltage differs significantly (for example, only about 10 V), the Standard Light Source is not lighting up properly. Please check the Standard Light Source’s filament, its installation, and all wiring, then try again.
⑤	The Color Temperature and Luminous Flux are listed on the Standard Light Source certificate and the Standard Light Source packaging; please enter them correctly. Note: The specifications for each light vary; do not mix and match them.
⑥	Integration time, be sure to check the " Automatic" box.
⑦	Average count; the default is 10; no changes are needed.
⑧	The preheating time is set to 15 minutes by default; no changes are necessary. In other words, after clicking " Start," the software will wait 15 minutes for the Standard Light Source to warm up, and once the data has stabilized, it will automatically perform calibration.
⑨	Once you have confirmed that the above settings are correct, click “Start.” The software will automatically perform the following steps in this order: automatically control the DC supply to turn on the Standard Light Source; start the warm-up countdown; automatically perform calibration when the warm-up countdown ends; and, after successful calibration, automatically control the DC supply to turn off the Standard Light Source.
Note	In the calibration interface, do not perform any actions on the sections not listed in this table!

Figure 5-4

After successful calibration, the following interface will appear, as shown in Figure 5-5.

Number	Note
①	Check whether the Color Temperature and Luminous Flux displayed here match or are close to the set values. A difference of 1 to 2 K in Color Temperature and 1 to 2 lm in Luminous Flux is considered normal.
②	Click “Save and Exit” to complete the calibration.

Figure 5-5

The Standard Light Source will be hot immediately after use. Wait until it has cooled to room temperature, then carefully remove it while wearing white gloves (do not touch the bulb to prevent contamination), and return it to its case for proper storage.

5. 2. 2 The Software Is Not Communicating With The LISUN DC Supply

If you have not purchased a LISUN DC supply, or if you were unable to establish communication with it in “System Configuration,” please refer to the following table and illustrations for instructions; see Figures 5–6.

Number	Note
①	Do not check the “Automatic On” or “Automatic Extinguishing” functions. There is no need to enter the standard lamp current or voltage parameters, and do not click to control the DC power supply output; otherwise, the software will display an error message.
②	The Color Temperature and Luminous Flux are listed on the Standard Light Source certificate and the Standard Light Source packaging; please enter them correctly. Note: The specifications for each light vary; please do not mix and match them.
③	For integration time, be sure to check the " automatic" box.
④	Average count; the default is 10, and no changes are needed.
⑤	The preheating time is set to 15 minutes by default and does not need to be changed. In other words, after you click “Start,” the software will wait 15 minutes for the Standard Light Source to warm up, and once the data has stabilized, it will automatically perform calibration.
⑥	Once you have confirmed that the above operations and settings are correct, perform manual operation of your DC supply. Refer to the corresponding current value listed on the Standard Light Source certificate and the Standard Light Source packaging to ensure CC output and illuminate the Standard Light Source. When the Standard Light Source is lit normally, the DC power supply should display “CC,” indicating Constant Current output, and the displayed current value should match the entered value exactly. The displayed voltage will experience slight fluctuations around 25V. If the displayed current does not match the input value (voltage fluctuations in the last decimal place are normal) or the displayed voltage differs significantly (e. G., only around 10 V), the Standard Light Source is not illuminating properly. Please check the Standard Light Source’s filament, its installation, and all wiring, then try again. Once the Standard Light Source is lit normally, click “Start.” The software will automatically enter the warm-up countdown. When the warm-up countdown ends, calibration will begin automatically. After calibration is successful, manually turn off the Standard Light Source using the DC supply.
Note	In the calibration interface, do not perform any actions on the sections not listed in this table!

Figures 5–6

After successful calibration, the following interface will appear (see Figure 5-7).

Number	Note
①	Check whether the Color Temperature and Luminous Flux displayed here are close to the set values. A difference of 1 to 2 K in Color Temperature and 1 to 2 lm in Luminous Flux is normal.
②	Click “Save and Exit” to complete the calibration.

Figure 5-7

The Standard Light Source will be hot immediately after use. Wait until it has cooled to room temperature, then carefully remove it while wearing white gloves (do not touch the bulb to prevent contamination), and return it to its case for proper storage.

5. 3 Procedure For Calibrating A Small Integrating Sphere

Refer to Section 3. 2. 1 to connect the two two-conductor cables from the cabinet-for a total of four cables-to the small Integrating sphere Junction Box.

Set the software to " Small Integrating Sphere."

Install the Standard Light Source. Note: The 0. 3-meter integrating sphere does not include an E27 fixture / clamp. Please wear white gloves and carefully remove the 10W Standard Light Source bulb so that it can be installed in the 0. 3-meter integrating sphere. The 0. 5-meter small integrating sphere includes an E27 fixture / clamp; there is no need to remove the bulb.

Remove the 10W Standard Light Source bulb, as shown in Figure 5-8:

Figure 5-8

All other operations are exactly the same as those for the large integrating sphere; please refer to Section 5. 2.

6. Test

6. 1 Large Integrating Sphere Test

6. 1. 1 Calibration Verification

Refer to Section 5. 1 to determine whether recalibration is necessary.

6. 1. 2 Specimen Installation

When the holder base is mounted at the bottom, the specimen’s light-emitting surface should face upward; when the holder base is mounted at the top, the light-emitting surface should face downward-it must not face to the side. Use the Crosshair Laser as a reference to adjust the specimen’s position so that its light-emitting surface is directly at the center of the Integrating Sphere. Fix it firmly with screws or fixtures to prevent it from falling during testing.

If the specimen is an E27 light bulb, it can be mounted directly onto the holder base or mounted onto the holder base using an E27 adapter; no power line is required. See Figure 6-1.

Figure 6-1

If the specimen is a linear lighting fixture, you may install and use a linear lighting fixture fixture, as shown in Figure 6-2.

Figure 6-2

For other specimens, place them directly on the holder base or fix them with screws; the holder base is equipped with M6 screw holes. Make sure they do not fall off; see Figure 6-3.

Figure 6-3

Connect the power line to the two POWER terminals on the holder base; the two SENSE terminal blocks do not need to be connected. If the lighting fixture is DC-powered, be sure to connect the positive and negative terminals correctly.

After installation, turn off the Crosshair Laser and the Integrating Sphere. If your device includes two Integrating Sphers, make sure both are turned off at the same time.

6. 1. 3 Cabinet Supply Switching

If the specimen is powered by DC, set the AC/DC switches on the cabinet to the DC position; if the specimen is powered by AC, set the AC/DC switches on the cabinet to the AC position.

6. 1. 4 Verification Of The Self-Absorption Coefficient

Integrating sphere testing relies on diffuse reflection from the sphere’s walls to perform measurements. Therefore, if the sample is a relatively large lighting fixture, “Self-absorption” may occur-that is, some of the diffuse reflection light is absorbed by the lighting fixture itself-which can lead to deviations in the test results. Bare light sources and small lighting fixtures can be tested directly; for larger lighting fixtures, an auxiliary lamp must be used for correction, as shown in Figure 6-4.

Number	Note
①	Click “Self-absorption Coefficient”
②	For bare light sources or Miniature Lamps, select “Do not use an auxiliary lamp for revision,” which corresponds to a revision factor of 1. For larger lighting fixtures, select the appropriate revision factor from the drop-down list. If no revision factor has been generated for this specimen previously, you will need to use an auxiliary lamp to generate a new revision factor; please refer to Chapter 8.
③	After selecting the correct auxiliary lamp revision factor, click " OK" to exit this page.

Figure 6-4

Note: Even if the software or computer is shut down, the software will still use the last Self-absorption coefficient by default the next time it is opened. Therefore, you must verify that you are using the correct Self-absorption coefficient before each test.

6. 1. 5 Verification Of Supply Parameters Via Software Navigation

If the specimen lighting fixture is powered by AC, see Figure 6-5:

Number	Note
①	Click the drop-down list and select “AC Supply”
②	Enter the correct voltage and frequency for the sample lighting fixture

Figure 6-5

If the sample lighting fixture is powered by a DC power supply, see Figure 6-6:

Number	Note
①	Click the drop-down list and select “DC Supply.”
②	Enter the correct voltage and current for the lighting fixture. Then select the output mode: CC (Constant Current) for constant current mode and CV (Constant Voltage) for constant voltage mode.

Figure 6-6

Note: If you need CC (Constant Current) mode, enter the specimen’s rated current and the power supply’s max output voltage; if you need CV (Constant Voltage) mode, enter the specimen’s rated voltage and the power supply’s max output current. If the specimen fails to light up, please verify that the specimen’s voltage and current are within the power supply’s output range. For example, the DC3005 model has a max. Output voltage of 30 V and a max. Output current of 5 A.

6. 1. 6 Confirmation Of Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) Settings

See Figures 6 and 7.

Number	Note
①	Click " System Configuration"
②	Switch to the EEI Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) tab
③	Select the applicable standards and the type of lighting fixture
④	Click OK to save

Figures 6–7

6. 1. 7 Preheating Parameter Settings

See Figures 6–8.

Number	Note
①	Click “Preheating Parameter Settings”
②	Warm-up Duration Setting: The purpose of the warm-up is to allow the lighting fixture to remain on for a period of time so that its photometric and colorimetric parameters can stabilize before the test begins automatically.
③	Sampling interval time: The software automatically takes samples at the set interval time throughout the entire warm-up period to collect real-time data. We recommend setting this to 5 seconds or longer.
④	If checked, the test will automatically skip the remaining preheating time and proceed once the lighting fixture has reached a stable state; if unchecked, the test will begin only after the preheating time has elapsed as set.
⑤	If checked, test reports for all sampling points will be saved automatically; if unchecked, only the final test report will be saved automatically.
⑥	Definition of a lighting fixture' s steady state. If the values are set to 20 and 0. 5%, the system is considered steady when the parameter has not changed by more than 0. 5% over the past 20 minutes.
⑦	You can select which parameters the software should use to determine whether a lighting fixture is stable: Optical Characteristics, electrical parameters
⑧	The software will save the change curves for the selected parameters during the preheating time in the test report.

Figures 6–8

6. 1. 8 Confirm The Test Control Parameters And Conduct The Test

See Figures 6–9.

Number	Note
①	If the “Auto Turn On” and “Automatic Extinguishing” options are checked, clicking “Test” will cause the software to automatically turn on the lighting fixture according to the entered electrical parameters; once the test is complete, the software will automatically turn off the lighting fixture. Note: If you check the “Auto-On” function, you must also check “Preheat.” If you do not preheat-that is, if the software turns the lighting fixtures on automatically and then immediately runs a test-the interval time between the two actions will be too short, and the test results will not be reliable.
②	If the " Automatic On" and " Automatic Extinguishing" options are not checked, you can also turn the lighting fixture on or off by tapping this button.
③	Be sure to select “Automatic” for “Integration time”; otherwise, the test result will be inaccurate.
④	If you need to preheat, check the box; if not, leave it unchecked.
⑤	Click to run the test. If " Warm-up" is checked, the software will enter a warm-up countdown and display the current warm-up progress and data in the upper-right corner; if " Warm-up" is not checked, the software will run the test immediately and display the test result.

Figures 6–9

During the warm-up process, the software interface appears as shown in Figure 6-10.

Number	Note
①	This section displays the preheating progress, as well as the current preheating parameters and curve.
②	Click to skip the warm-up and go straight to the test

Figure 6-10

After the test is complete, all test reports are automatically saved in the current database file, as shown in Figure 6-11.

Figure 6-11

Please turn off the supply to the sample lighting fixture and remove it. Do not store the lighting fixture inside the Integrating sphere when it is not being tested.

6. 2 Small Integrating Sphere Test

Switch the software interface to the " Small Integrating Sphere" view.

The Xiaoji Ball does not have a fixture / clamp for auxiliary lamps, so no revision factor for auxiliary lamps is needed.

The remaining steps are identical to those in the high-integrating sphere test; please refer to Section 6. 1.

7. Processing Of Test Reports

7. 1 Database File Processing

See Figure 7-1.

Number	Note
①	To delete a test report from the database file, select the report and click “Delete.”
②	To make it easier to find test reports, click the blank button shown in the image below to create a new database file, and store test reports for different lighting fixtures in separate database files. After creating a new database file, you can proceed directly with testing without needing to recalibrate or reconfigure the system.
③	Click " Open" to open a previously saved database file.
④	Click OK to save

Figure 7-1

Note 1: The next time the software is launched, it will automatically load the database file used last time. If the path to that database file has changed or its name has been modified, the software will prompt you to create a new database file.

Note 2: Avoid placing database files on your desktop whenever possible.

7. 2 Test Report Display Settings

Adjusting the software interface display. Click the logo in the upper-left corner, then click “Panel Options,” as shown in Figure 7-2.

Figure 7-2

The following window appears, as shown in Figure 7-3.

Number	Note
①	You can choose which parameter modules are displayed on the software interface
②	If checked, the software interface will revert to its default layout the next time it is launched.
③	Once the device is set up, click OK to save.

Figure 7-3

You can use manual entry to enter the report number and product information, as shown in Figure 7-4.

Figure 7-4

You can manually enter the laboratory name and the operator' s name, as shown in Figure 7-5.

Figure 7-5

7. 2 Exporting And Printing Test Reports

Click the red LISUN logo in the upper-left corner, then select “Data Export” from the drop-down list, as shown in Figure 7-6:

Figure 7-6

The data export supports all of the following formats, as shown in Figure 7-7:

Figure 7-7

Click “Print Options” to configure the content to be displayed in the print report, as shown in Figures 7-8. To ensure the integrity of the test report, you can select all options or select only those you need. Note: You can select only one of the CIE chromaticity diagram or the SDCM Diagram.

Figures 7–8

To print the test report, your computer must be connected to a printer or have a PDF printer installed, as shown in Figures 7–9.

Number	Note
①	Click to print the currently selected test report
②	Click the " Print All" drop-down list to print all test reports in the current database file.

Figures 7–9

The following shows the print output of the test report; see Figures 7-10 through 7-13:

Figures 7–10

Figure 7-11

Figure 7-12

Figure 7-13

8. Generation Of The Self-Absorption Coefficient (Use Of An Auxiliary Lamp)

8. 1 Scenarios For Using Auxiliary Lamps

For larger lighting fixtures, the issue of self-absorption may arise. If correction factors for auxiliary lamps have not been generated previously, you must first generate them using the auxiliary lamps before conducting the test. Self-absorption is related to the lighting fixture’s enclosure dimensions, shape, color, and other factors; therefore, the self-absorption coefficient varies for different lighting fixtures.

Note: The darker the color of the lighting fixture, the larger its dimension, and the more severe the Self-absorption issue becomes. Users can gain practical experience regarding whether to apply a correction factor for auxiliary lamps. For example, for some miniature lamps, if the correction factor obtained after applying the auxiliary lamp correction factor is 1. 02, this indicates that the test result for Luminous Flux will increase by 2% after applying the correction factor; For example, for certain large lighting fixtures, if the correction factor derived after applying the correction for the auxiliary lamp is 1. 13, this indicates that the Luminous Flux test result will increase by 13% after applying the correction factor.

8. 2 Installation And Wiring Of Auxiliary Lamps

① Remove the plug from the opposite side of the large integrating sphere to prepare for installing the auxiliary lamp fixture / clamp, as shown in Figure 8-1.

Figure 8-1

Locate the auxiliary lamp fixture, as shown in Figure 8-2:

Figure 8-2

Remove the screws and washers, as shown in Figure 8-3:

Figure 8-3

Feed the auxiliary lamp fixture out through the inside of the integrating sphere, as shown in Figure 8-4:

Figure 8-4

For the auxiliary lamp wiring, see Figure 8-5.

Number	Note
①	Then fix the screws and washers to the outside of the Integrating sphere.
②	Please connect an extension cord with a banana plug to the cabinet and keep it on hand. Note: We do not provide the wire connecting the auxiliary lamp to the DC supply; we only provide the banana plugs. Please find a wire of the appropriate length and make the connection yourself.

Figure 8-5

Adjust the length of the wire to ensure that the Integrating sphere can be properly connected to the front panel of the DC supply, whether it is closed or open, as shown in Figure 8-6.

Figure 8-6

Please wear gloves, remove the auxiliary lamp bulb, and install it in the auxiliary lamp fixture / clamp, as shown in Figure 8-7.

Figure 8-7

8. 3 Steps For Generating The Self-Absorption Coefficient

Connect the auxiliary lamp power line to the output terminal on the front panel of the DC supply, as shown in Figure 8-8.

Figure 8-8

Go to the Self-absorption coefficient interface, as shown in Figures 8 and 9.

Number	Note
①	Click “Self-absorption Coefficient”
②	Click " Add"

Figures 8–9

Generated from self-absorption, Step 1; see Figures 8–10.

Number	Note
①	Enter the model number of the lighting fixture under test. If you test the same lighting fixture later, simply select the corresponding self-absorption coefficient correction from the list of self-absorption coefficients; there is no need to generate the correction again.
②	A: If the DC supply has successfully established communication in " System Configuration," the correct DC supply model and port number will automatically be displayed here; you can also click " Search" to rescan for the correct port. B: If you have not purchased a LISUN DC supply or communication has failed, please select “Not Installed” for the DC supply model; otherwise, the software will display an error message.
③	A: If the software has successfully communicated with the DC power supply, enter the rated current and reference voltage listed on the packaging and calibration certificate for the auxiliary lamp. B: If the software fails to communicate with the DC power supply, there is no need to input the current or voltage. Preheating time: Generally, 15 minutes is sufficient.
④	Follow the instructions here for Steps 1 and 2. At this point, both the Standard Light Source and the auxiliary lamp should be inside the Integrating sphere. The Standard Light Source must be positioned exactly at the center of the Integrating sphere, but do not connect its power line (it is used only to simulate the calibration environment). Then, turn off the Integrating sphere. If your device has two Integrating spheres, turn them both off at the same time.
⑤	A: If the software has successfully established communication with the DC supply, simply click " Start." The software will automatically control the DC supply to illuminate the auxiliary lamp at a CC (Constant Current) setting, and then begin the warm-up countdown. B: If the software is unable to communicate with the DC power supply, you must first manually control your DC power supply to keep the auxiliary lamp illuminated at a CC (Constant Current) mode, and then click “Start” to begin the warm-up countdown.

Figures 8–10

Generated from Step 2 of the self-absorption calculation; see Figures 8–11.

Number	Note
①	After the 15-minute warm-up period, the software proceeds to Step 2 of 2. Follow the on-screen prompts to open the Integrating sphere, remove the Standard Light Source, and place the lighting fixture under test in the center of the Integrating sphere. Do not connect the power line to the lighting fixture under test (this is only for simulating the Test Environment); at this point, the auxiliary lamp should remain on. Then close the Integrating sphere.
②	Click " Finish." The software will perform an automatic calculation of the Self-absorption coefficient.

Figures 8–11

Self-absorption coefficient generation; see Figures 8–12.

Number	Note
①	Self-absorption coefficient calculated automatically by the software
②	Click " OK" to perform automatic saving and exit the Self-absorption coefficient generation interface. A: If the software has successfully established communication with the DC supply, you can turn off the auxiliary lamp through the software. B: If the software is unable to communicate with the DC supply, you can manually turn off the DC supply output.

Figures 8–12

After using the auxiliary lamp, be sure to disconnect its power line. If the auxiliary lamp will not be used for an extended period of time, allow it to cool down, then remove it and store it properly.

8. 4 Testing Using The Auxiliary Lamp Revision Factor

During testing, the auxiliary lamp revision factor just generated will be used by default. Please refer to Chapter 6 for test instructions.

Note: The auxiliary lamps are used solely for generating correction factors; please do not turn them on during official testing.

9. Daily Maintenance And Care Of Equipment

9. 1 Hardware

9. 1. 1 Daily Maintenance

Before turning on the power, check that the integrating sphere is closed and that there is no dust or debris inside; check that all connections are secure and that there is no breakage in the USB cable or optical fiber; after turning off the power, close the integrating sphere, disconnect the main power supply, and clean any dust from the surface of the equipment.

9. 1. 2 Weekly Maintenance

Open the Integrating sphere and use a blower cleaner (set to the cool air setting) to blow dust out from the inside toward the outside of the sphere, preventing the dust from adhering to the coating; inspect the packaging of the Standard Light Source to ensure it is free from moisture absorption and breakage, and verify the expiration date.

9. 1. 3 Monthly Maintenance

Inspect the coating on the Integrating sphere: If there is minor peeling, contact us to obtain coating repair materials; if there is extensive peeling, the Integrating sphere must be replaced.

9. 1. 4 Annual Maintenance

Replace Standard Light Sources (regardless of whether they work or not; they must be replaced when they reach the end of their service life).

9. 2 Software

We update the software from time to time to add functions and fix bugs. If you encounter any issues while using the software, please feel free to contact us at any time to obtain the latest version.

9. 3 Long-Term Decommissioning And Maintenance

9. 3. 1 Equipment Cleaning And Protection

Thoroughly clean all equipment surfaces, and cover the cabinets and Integrating spheres with lint-free cloths; disconnect all power sources, and unplug all power lines and communication cables.

9. 3. 2 Environmental Protection

Ensure that the laboratory is dry and well-ventilated to prevent equipment from becoming damp. If the environmental humidity is high, keep a dehumidifier on hand.

9. 3. 3 Monthly Power-On

Power on the system once a month to ensure normal operation of all hardware components.

9. 4 Calibration Interval Requirements

To ensure the measurement accuracy and operational reliability of the equipment, it is recommended that it be sent periodically to a qualified third-party metrology laboratory for calibration. The recommended calibration interval is 12 months. Users may determine the specific calibration interval based on frequency of use, environmental conditions, and quality system requirements.

10. Troubleshooting And Resolving Common Problems

10. 1 Hardware Communication Failures

Causes of the problem: Driver not installed or installation failed; incorrect USB interface; incorrect device model selected;

Troubleshooting steps: Check the computer' s Device Manager to verify that LMS-9000 and the four COM ports are functioning normally (no exclamation marks);

Reinstall the drivers (with antivirus software disabled) to ensure that both the communication box driver and the Spectrometer driver are successfully installed; connect the USB cable to a native USB2. 0/3. 0 interface on the computer (do not use a USB hub or USB extension cable); Go to “System Configuration” in the software, reselect the device model, and click “Search for Port.”

10. 2 Calibration Failures

10. 2. 1 The Standard Light Source Won' T Turn On

Causes of malfunction: The AC/DC switch is not set to the DC position; “Automatic Brightness” is not checked on the calibration screen; incorrect voltage or current parameters; or a broken filament;

Troubleshooting Steps: Ensure the AC/DC switch on the cabinet is set to “DC” and that the Standard Light Source is securely connected; verify that “Automatic Illumination” is checked on the calibration interface, and that the input voltage and current match those specified in the Standard Light Source certificate; inspect the Standard Light Source filament-if it is broken or blackened, replace the Standard Light Source.

10. 2. 2 Calibration Prompt: “Signal Too Weak”

Causes of malfunction: Optical fiber not connected; Integrating sphere lid not closed tightly; Standard Light Source not lit; optical fiber kinked or broken;

Method: Check that the optical fiber is securely connected at both ends and is not excessively bent; close the Integrating sphere door to ensure it is properly sealed and no external light enters; verify that the Standard Light Source is lit; if it is not, follow the troubleshooting steps in Section 5. 2; if the optical fiber is broken, contact us for a replacement.

10. 3 Test Data Anomalies

10. 3. 1 Inaccurate Test Data

Causes of malfunction: Failure to perform regular calibration, incorrect correction factor for the auxiliary lamp, improper selection of the Integrating sphere, coating damage, or issues with the specimen itself

Method: Recalibrate according to Chapter 5, ensuring the calibration interval is ≤ 1 week; set the correction factor to 1 for bare light source lamps and small lighting fixtures, and use the correct correction factor for large lighting fixtures; Use a large integrating sphere for large specimens and a small integrating sphere for small specimens to avoid size mismatches; if the integrating sphere’s coating is severely peeling or has significantly darkened, contact us for repairs; please test several additional sets of different sample types; if most test results are normal, the issue lies with the specimen itself.

10. 3. 2 Excessive Variation In Test Results

Cause of the malfunction: Insufficient preheating time; severe specimen flickering;

Method: Extend the preheating time (e. G., 20–30 minutes) and wait for the specimen to stabilize before testing; use the Flicker Test to check the specimen for flicker issues.

10. 3. 3 Electrical Parameters Are Displayed As 0

Cause of the malfunction: Incorrect selection of the power meter model; incorrect wiring;

Troubleshooting Steps: Go to “System Configuration” in the software, select the correct power meter model, and rescan the ports; check the power meter wiring to ensure that A1, A2, V1, and V2 are connected correctly and securely.

10. 4 Software Operation Errors

10. 4. 1 The Software Fails To Launch (No Response When Double-Clicked)

Cause of the problem: Not running as an administrator; incomplete software installation;

Method: Right-click the software shortcut and select “Run as administrator”; uninstall the old software, delete any remaining folders, and then reinstall the software.

10. 4. 2 Software Crash Or Database File Error

Causes of the problem: Insufficient software permissions, the save path does not exist, or the file is in use;

Method: Run the software as an administrator; create a new database file; do not save the database file directly to your desktop.

10. 5 Supply Failure

10. 5. 1 DC Supply Output Abnormalities

Causes of the malfunction: The AC/DC switch on the cabinet was not set to DC; the specimen voltage or current exceeded the DC supply limit values; or a short circuit occurred in the specimen;

Troubleshooting: Please verify that the sample’s voltage and current fall within the DC power supply’s output range. For example, the DC3005 model has a max. Output voltage of 30 V and a max. Output current of 5 A. Check whether the sample is short-circuited; if so, repair the sample before retesting.

10. 5. 2 No AC Supply Output

Cause of the fault: The AC/DC switches on the cabinet were not set to the AC side, and the overload protection was triggered;

Troubleshooting Steps: Check the AC power output wiring and specimen connections to ensure there are no loose connections or short circuits; if the overload protection is triggered, turn off the power, let the unit cool for 5 minutes, and then restart it. Ensure that the specimen power remains within the AC power output range-for example, the LSP-500VARC has a maximum output power of 500 W.